Mining and Mineral Industry Silo Problems

Mining materials vary enormously in properties. Iron ore has a density of 3-5 tonnes per cubic metre, while limestone is around 1.5 tonnes. This high density creates enormous pressures at the bottom of silos, leading to compaction and flow problems. Particle size distribution is often very broad, from fine dust under 10 micrometres to coarse pieces of several centimetres.

Abrasive materials such as quartz, feldspar and metal ore wear down silo walls, discharge openings and transport equipment at alarming rates. Wear liners in hard manganese steel, ceramics or special alloys can significantly extend silo service life. The discharge area is particularly vulnerable because material velocity and contact pressure are highest here.

Bridging is extremely common in mineral silos, particularly with moist concentrates and fine-grained materials. The high density gives minerals sufficient strength to form stable arches over even relatively large discharge openings. Ratholing is another widespread problem where material along walls can stand still for weeks or months.

Silos in the mining industry are among the most dangerous to work with. The high material density means that even a small material movement can trap and bury a person. Dust explosions are a real risk with many mineral materials. Coal dust, pyrite and certain metal powders can form explosive mixtures. ATEX classification and corresponding safety measures are required.

Mechanical cleaning is particularly valuable in the mining industry because it eliminates the need for manual entry into these extremely dangerous silos. Powerful rotating tools can break loose even the hardest mineral deposits. Equipment must withstand the abrasive conditions.

Blue Power has broad experience cleaning silos in the mining and mineral industry. We understand the special safety challenges and have equipment sized for the toughest materials. Contact us for an assessment of your facilities.